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| 1422 |
| | | Henry VI, son of Henry V and Catherine of France, is king of England and theoretically king of France before his first birthday | |
|  | Stamp signature of Henry VI in 1436
National Archives, Kew
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| 1437 |
| | | On the death of his father, James I, James II becomes king of Scotland | |
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| 1455 |
| | | An engagement at St Albans is the first battle in the 30-year struggle between the white and red roses of York and Lancaster | |
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| 1460 |
| | | On the death of his father, James II, James III becomes king of Scotland | |
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| 1461 |
| | | The first success in the Wars of the Roses goes to the white rose, with the Yorkist prince crowned as Edward IV | |
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| 1461 |
| | | Henry VI flees to Scotland, abandoning the kingdom to the usurping Edward IV | |
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| 1469 |
| | | Thomas Malory, in gaol somewhere in England, compiles Morte d'Arthur – an English account of the French tales of King Arthur | |
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| 1469 |
| | | The Orkneys and Shetlands come into the possession of James III of Scotland with the dowry of Margaret of Denmark | |
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| 1475 |
| | | Edward IV, landing at Calais with a large army, is bought off at Picquigny with a bribe - ending his attempt to revive the Hundred Years' War | |
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| c. 1476 |
| | | Caxton establishes the first English printing press in London, after working in the new trade in Bruges | |
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